Southern England
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Triangulation allows the relative location of individual topographical features to be plotted accurately. This drawing shows the primary triangulation of southern England, the lengths of the sides of each triangle being noted. Stations shown include Dunnose, Bagshot Heath, Inkpen Hill and the Salisbury Plain base. The points of the triangles provided the surveyor with references to which, by measurement or angular observation, he could precisely relate the position of other topographical features. Angular observations were made using a theodolite. Triangulation points were carefully chosen. Elevated sites were preferred where possible, particularly the tops of hills and church towers.
SOUTHAMPTONIA
This map of Hampshire is from the 1583 edition of the Saxton atlas of England and Wales.This atlas was first published as a whole in 1579. It consists of 35 coloured maps depicting the counties of England and Wales. The atlas is of great significance to British cartography as it set a standard of cartographic representation in Britain and the maps remained the basis for English county mapping, with few exceptions, until after 1750. During the reign of Elizabeth I map use became more common, with many government matters referring to increasingly accurate maps with consistent scales and symbols, made possible by advances in surveying techniques. Illustrating the increasing used of maps in government matters, Lord Burghley, Elizabeth I’s Secretary of State, who had been determined to have England and Wales mapped in detail from the 1550s, selected the cartographer Christopher Saxton to produce a detailed and consistent survey of the country. The financier of the project was Thomas Seckford Master of Requests at the Court of Elizabeth I, whose arms appear, along with the royal crest, on each map.
Saxton, Christopher
Ryther, Augustine
DORCESTRIAE
This map of Dorset is from the 1583 edition of the Saxton atlas of England and Wales. This atlas was first published as a whole in 1579. It consists of 35 coloured maps depicting the counties of England and Wales. The atlas is of great significance to British cartography as it set a standard of cartographic representation in Britain and the maps remained the basis for English county mapping, with few exceptions, until after 1750. During the reign of Elizabeth I map use became more common, with many government matters referring to increasingly accurate maps with consistent scales and symbols, made possible by advances in surveying techniques. Illustrating the increasing used of maps in government matters, Lord Burghley, Elizabeth I’s Secretary of State, who had been determined to have England and Wales mapped in detail from the 1550s, selected the cartographer Christopher Saxton to produce a detailed and consistent survey of the country. The financier of the project was Thomas Seckford Master of Requests at the Court of Elizabeth I, whose arms appear, along with the royal crest, on each map. Here the strap work cartouche is mounted by the Elizabethan coat of arms. The Seckford arms of appear at the bottom of the map, adjacent to the decorative scale bar which houses Saxton’s name. The adjacent counties are named but lack any internal detail, recording only the path of rivers that cross county boundaries. Relief, in the form of uniform rounded representations of hills, is the main topographical feature presented in the maps. Rather than provide a scientific representation of relative relief these give a general impression of the lie of the land. Settlements and notable buildings are also recorded pictorially; a small building with a spire represents a village, while more important towns are indicated by groups of buildings. Here Portland castle is marked by a castle symbol of two connected towers. Rivers, streams, parks and woodlands are also depicted carefully. Woods are shown by small tree-symbols, with clusters representing forests, and parklands enclosed with ring fences. Great decorative effect is provided by the detailed images of ships in the stippled sea.
Saxton, Christopher
Ryther, Augustine
DORCESTRIAE Comitatus
This is a map of Dorset by Christopher Saxton, datingfrom 1575. It forms part of an atlas that belonged to William Cecil Lord Burghley, Elizabeth I’s Secretary of State. Burghley used this atlas to illustrate domestic matters. This map is actually a proof copy of one which forms part of Christopher Saxton’s Atlas of England and Wales. This atlas was first published as a whole in 1579. It consists of 35 coloured maps depicting the counties of England and Wales. The atlas is of great significance to British cartography as it set a standard of cartographic representation in Britain and the maps remained the basis for English county mapping, with few exceptions, until after 1750. During the reign of Elizabeth I map use became more common, with many government matters referring to increasingly accurate maps with consistent scales and symbols, made possible by advances in surveying techniques. Illustrating the increasing use of maps in government matters, Lord Burghley, who had been determined to have England and Wales mapped in detail from the 1550s, selected the cartographer Christopher Saxton to produce a detailed and consistent survey of the country. The financier of the project was Thomas Seckford, Master of Requests at the Court of Elizabeth I, whose arms appear, along with the royal crest, on each map. Lord Burghley added several place names. In the lower margin there are notes concerning 'Dangerous places for landing of men in the county'. These notes were probably written by an assistant of Lord Burghley and show the concern felt about the south coasts vulnerability to invasion. Due to the presence of a Protestant Queen in the form of Elizabeth I, England was under threat from a catholic crusade from Philip II of Spain. This threat culminated in the events of the Spanish Armada in 1588.
Saxton, Christopher
William Cecil, Lord Burghley
Hantonia sive Southantonensis Comitatus Vulgo Hant-Shire. [Karte], in: Theatrum orbis terrarum, sive, Atlas novus, Bd. 4, S. 174.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon
Hantonia sive Southantonensis Comitatus Vulgo Hant-Shire. [Karte], in: Theatrum orbis terrarum, sive, Atlas novus, Bd. 4, S. 174.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon
SOUTHAMPTONIAE Comitatus
This is a map of Hampshire by Christopher Saxton, datingfrom 1575. It forms part of an atlas that belonged to William Cecil Lord Burghley, Elizabeth I’s Secretary of State. Burghley used this atlas to illustrate domestic matters. This map is actually a proof copy of one which forms part of Christopher Saxton’s Atlas of England and Wales. This atlas was first published as a whole in 1579. It consists of 35 coloured maps depicting the counties of England and Wales. The atlas is of great significance to British cartography as it set a standard of cartographic representation in Britain and the maps remained the basis for English county mapping, with few exceptions, until after 1750. During the reign of Elizabeth I, map use became more common, with many government matters referring to increasingly accurate maps with consistent scales and symbols, made possible by advances in surveying techniques. Illustrating the increasing use of maps in government matters, Lord Burghley, who had been determined to have England and Wales mapped in detail from the 1550s, selected the cartographer Christopher Saxton to produce a detailed and consistent survey of the country. The financier of the project was Thomas Seckford, Master of Requests at the Court of Elizabeth I, whose arms appear, along with the royal crest, on each map. Lord Burghley added several place names to the map. This map was engraved by Leonardus Terwoort, one of a team of seven English and Flemish engravers employed to produced the copper plates for the atlas.
Saxton, Christopher
Terwoort, Leonardus Antverpianus
Comitatus Dorcestria, sive Dorsettia; Vulgo Anglice Dorset Shire. [Karte], in: Le théâtre du monde, ou, Nouvel atlas contenant les chartes et descriptions de tous les païs de la terre, Bd. 4, S. 127.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon und Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon
Comitatus Dorcestria, sive Dorsettia; Vulgo Anglice Dorset Shire. [Karte] , in: Theatrum orbis terrarum, sive, Atlas novus, Bd. 4, S. 143.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon
Comitatus Dorcestria, sive Dorsettia; Vulgo Anglice Dorset Shire. [Karte] , in: Theatrum orbis terrarum, sive, Atlas novus, Bd. 4, S. 143.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon
Hantonia Sive Southantonensis Comitatus Vulgo Hant-Shire. [Karte], in: Le théâtre du monde, ou, Nouvel atlas contenant les chartes et descriptions de tous les païs de la terre, Bd. 4, S. 154.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon und Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon
Wiltonia sive Comitatus Wiltoniensis; Anglis Wil Shire. [Karte], in: Theatrum orbis terrarum, sive, Atlas novus, Bd. 4, S. 163.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon
Wiltonia sive Comitatus Wiltoniensis; Anglis Wil Shire. [Karte], in: Theatrum orbis terrarum, sive, Atlas novus, Bd. 4, S. 163.
1 Karte aus Atlas
Blaeu, Joan
Blaeu, Willem Janszoon